Frontiers in Pharmacology
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Wound Healing
Seiwerth S, Milavic M, Vukojevic J, et al.
2021 · DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627533 · PMID: 34267654
Read on PubMed ↗
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Multi-Peptide Blends
KLOW is a blended research preparation comprising four independently studied peptides: BPC-157 (a synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from a gastric-juice protective fragment), GHK-Cu (the endogenous copper-binding tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine), TB-500 (a synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4), and KPV (the C-terminal tripeptide of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone). Each constituent has been examined in independent preclinical and in vitro literature spanning tissue-remodelling, extracellular-matrix, angiogenic, actin-sequestration, copper-coordination, and inflammatory-signalling pathways. The combination is supplied as a research compound to enable laboratory study of multi-peptide preparations, not as a characterised pharmacological product — interactions between constituents in vivo have not been formally established in the published literature. For laboratory and research use only.
Research focus
Summary of contexts in which this compound appears in the preclinical literature. See cited studies for primary sources.
KLOW is a blended research preparation comprising four independently studied peptides: BPC-157 (a synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from a gastric-juice protective fragment), GHK-Cu (the endogenous copper-binding tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine), TB-500 (a synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4), and KPV (the C-terminal tripeptide of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone). Each constituent has been examined in independent preclinical and in vitro literature spanning tissue-remodelling, extracellular-matrix, angiogenic, actin-sequestration, copper-coordination, and inflammatory-signalling pathways. The combination is supplied as a research compound to enable laboratory study of multi-peptide preparations, not as a characterised pharmacological product — interactions between constituents in vivo have not been formally established in the published literature. For laboratory and research use only.
Areas of research interest
Technical specifications
Compound Information
Blended research peptides (four constituents)
BPC-157
GHK-Cu
TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 fragment)
KPV
Storage & Stability
Lyophilized (powder)
-20°C • long-term stable in sealed lyophilized form
Reconstituted
2-8°C • use within 30 days of reconstitution
Light
Protect from light during storage and reconstitution
Room temperature
Short-term tolerant during shipping; minimise extended exposure above 25°C
Compound-specific notes
Contains the GHK-Cu copper coordination complex — protect strictly from light and avoid contact with strong reducing agents. Constituent peptides share standard cold-chain handling; reconstituted material should be refrigerated and used within the validated window.
Dosing in the literature
Observational summary of values reported in published research. Not a guide for human or animal use.
Reconstitution
Total vial mass spans four constituents (BPC-157, GHK-Cu, TB-500, KPV); per-constituent mass varies by SKU. Published practice for each individually suggests 1–2 mL bacteriostatic water per vial. KPV is highly water-soluble (342 g/mol tripeptide); GHK-Cu may impart a light blue colour on reconstitution.
Published protocols
No peer-reviewed study has characterised this four-peptide blend. Individual constituents have been studied separately: BPC-157 in tendon and wound models at 10–100 µg/kg (Gwyer et al., Cell Tissue Res 2019; Chang et al., J Appl Physiol 2011); GHK-Cu in fibroblast studies at 1–100 nM in vitro (Pickart et al., BioMed Res Int 2015); TB-500 in preclinical tissue-repair models at 50–500 µg/animal (Philp & Kleinman, ANYAS 2010); KPV in murine IBD and keratinocyte models at 50–500 µg/mouse orally and at low micromolar concentrations in vitro (Dalmasso et al., Gastroenterology 2008; Kannengiesser et al., IBD 2008; Elliott et al., J Invest Dermatol 2004). Combined-blend protocols for this four-peptide preparation are not standardised in peer-reviewed literature.
Half-life
KPV is a tripeptide (342 g/mol) subject to rapid peptidase clearance; no half-life data are reported in the cited papers. GHK-Cu plasma half-life ~30 min; BPC-157 distributes rapidly in rodent models; TB-500 estimated ~30–70 min. Co-formulation kinetics for this blend have not been reported.
Post-reconstitution stability
~28 days at 2–8 °C protected from light, driven by the photosensitive GHK-Cu copper complex. KPV aqueous solutions have shown limited stability in published HPLC characterisation work. Blend-specific validated stability data are not available; minimise freeze-thaw cycles.
KPV dose ranges from Dalmasso et al. (Gastroenterology 2008, PMID 18061177), Kannengiesser et al. (IBD 2008, PMID 18092346), and Elliott et al. (J Invest Dermatol 2004, PMID 15102092). GHK-Cu data from Pickart et al. (PMID 26236730). BPC-157 from Gwyer et al. (PMID 30915550). TB-500 from Philp & Kleinman (PMID 20536453). No published protocol covers this four-peptide combination.
Sources & references
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Wound Healing
Seiwerth S, Milavic M, Vukojevic J, et al.
2021 · DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627533 · PMID: 34267654
Read on PubMed ↗Cell and Tissue Research
Gastric pentadecapeptide body protection compound BPC 157 and its role in accelerating musculoskeletal soft tissue healing
Gwyer D, Wragg NM, Wilson SL
2019 · DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03016-8 · PMID: 30915550
Read on PubMed ↗BioMed Research International
GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration
Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A
2015 · DOI: 10.1155/2015/648108 · PMID: 26236730
Read on PubMed ↗Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
The human tripeptide GHK-Cu in prevention of oxidative stress and degenerative conditions of aging
Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A
2012 · DOI: 10.1155/2012/324832 · PMID: 22666519
Read on PubMed ↗Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
Thymosin β4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic properties and clinical applications
Goldstein AL, Hannappel E, Sosne G, et al.
2012 · DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.634793 · PMID: 22074294
Read on PubMed ↗Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Animal studies with thymosin beta, a multifunctional tissue repair and regeneration peptide
Philp D, Kleinman HK
2010 · DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05479.x · PMID: 20536453
Read on PubMed ↗Gastroenterology
PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation
Dalmasso G, Charrier-Hisamuddin L, Nguyen HT, Yan Y, Sitaraman S, Merlin D
2008 · DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.10.026 · PMID: 18061177
Read on PubMed ↗Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease
Kannengiesser K, Maaser C, Heidemann J, et al.
2008 · DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20334 · PMID: 18092346
Read on PubMed ↗Journal of Investigative Dermatology
alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone, MSH 11-13 KPV and adrenocorticotropic hormone signalling in human keratinocyte cells
Elliott RJ, Szabo M, Wagner MJ, et al.
2004 · DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22404.x · PMID: 15102092
Read on PubMed ↗9 peer-reviewed references listed. Citations verified against NCBI PubMed records. For research and educational reference only — does not constitute medical advice.
Researcher FAQ
No. Aero Peptides materials are sold exclusively for in-vitro research and laboratory analytical use. They are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease, and are not approved for human or animal administration.
By placing an order, you confirm that you are a qualified researcher and that the material will be used in accordance with all applicable institutional and jurisdictional regulations.
Each lot is independently tested for identity, purity, and mass using HPLC and mass spectrometry. The COA lists the lot number, test date, assay results, and the laboratory that performed the analysis.
Public COA documents are being prepared. In the meantime, you can request a COA for your specific lot and we’ll email it within 1 business day.
Orders ship quickly after your order is placed, from the US. Lyophilized peptides are shipped with insulation appropriate to season; short-term ambient excursions during transit do not measurably affect potency.
On receipt, store at −20°C in the sealed vial until reconstitution. See the handling matrix for full storage parameters. Tracked shipping is included; we ship to all US states and most international destinations.
Most peptides are reconstituted with bacteriostatic water (BAC). The volume depends on the target working concentration. Use our Peptide Calculator to compute volume, U-100 insulin syringe units, and doses per vial from peptide mass and target dose.
Once reconstituted, store at 2–8°C and use within 30 days. Protect the vial from light during storage and handling.
Because peptides are temperature-sensitive research materials, we cannot accept returns of opened or unsealed vials. If a shipment arrives damaged or the seal is broken on arrival, contact us within 7 days and we’ll replace or refund.
See our full returns policy for details.
Don’t see your question? Contact our research team — we typically reply within one business day.
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⚠ Important research notice
Not for human consumption. This product is sold exclusively for research and educational purposes. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
All clinical trial data and research findings presented on this page are sourced from peer-reviewed journals and official publications. They are provided for educational reference only and should not be interpreted as medical advice or product claims.
By purchasing this product, you confirm that you are a qualified researcher and will use it in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.